The object of this experiment is to determine how changing the size of the beak of a finch will affect the population as well as the growth rate of the finch’s beak. The reason for the experiment is to evaluate evolution and how it affects the finch’s population, and how natural selection is always present in life. In this experiment I will show that the finch will continue to evolve until its beak has reached the optimal size for sustaining life, when changing the beak size to a much larger size we will see that the finch will have no need for further evolution of its beak and that its population will become much more stable and consistent throughout the years.…
stripped ends of the wires was hooked into the input posts on the back of the…
The purpose of this study is to understand the feeding rate of Daphnia magna. D. magna is a species of Daphnia that belongs to the suborder Cladocera (Ebert, 2005). They live in freshwater and feed on small, suspended particles in the water. They are filter feeders. Phyllopods, which are leaf-like appendages, provide a filtering apparatus for the collection of food. These structures beat to produce a constant current of water, allowing particles to be filtered by fine setae on the thoracic legs. The particles are then transferred to their mouth groove to be ingested. D. magna typically feed on planktonic algae (Ebert, 2005). The following experiment uses algae to test what affects the feeding rate of D. magna. The rate of filtration is dependent on multiple factors including temperature, food density, body size, and water pH.…
Daphnia, also known as the water flea are planktonic crustaceans that are found in lakes, ponds, and streams. They received “their common name from their jerky movement through the water” (Clare). They are also “very small, usually 2-5mm long, with an overall shape similar to a kidney bean” (Elenbaas). Daphnia play an important role in the freshwater food chains and serve as food for other freshwater organisms such as fish. They are also commonly used to test for chemical toxicity in water. Since Daphnia have transparent body, it is easier to observe their heart rates, and other visceral organ systems. Its small heart rate is easily visible when viewed under a microscope. A change in its heart rate plays a crucial role in determining whether…
|Light Condition |Final pH |Water Movement (GROUP |Water Movement (CLASS |Photosynthesis Rate |Photosynthesis Rate |…
1. The Respiratory exchange ratio is the ratio of the volume of carbon dioxide produced and oxygen consumed. The ratio indicates the energy that the subject is expending for indirect calorimetry, how efficient the subject 's body is at utilizing the oxygen inhaled, as well as the main substrate being used for energy during varying intensities of exercise. During rest the volume of carbon dioxide was 0.73L/min, the volume of oxygen was 0.84L/min. The RQ or RER was 0.87. Based on Table 5.1(Kenney,Wilmore, &Costill, 2012; Physiology of Sport and Exercise(5th ed.) The ratio indicates that roughly 68% of the kcal that the subject was using came from carbohydrates and the remaining 32% of the kcal came from fat. During the 50W stage the volume of carbon dioxide was 2.2L/min and the volume of oxygen was 2.9L/min. The RQ was 0.79, which indicates that the 33% of the kcal that the subject was using came from carbohydrates and that 67% of the kcal came from fat. In the 100W stage the volume of carbon dioxide was 4.08L/min and the volume of oxygen consumed was 4.1L/min. The RQ came out o be 0.99, the substrate being used was only carbohydrates at this point. The 200w stage had a carbon dioxide volume of 7.91L/min and a oxygen consumed volume of 6.51L/min. The RQ was 1.2 which indicates that the body is producing more carbon dioxide than the oxygen being consumed. The substrate being used for energy again is only carbohydrates.…
Distilled Water – used as the main thing in the concentrations and also used to put the Daphnia in after they were subjected to the alcohol concentration to try and bring their heart rate back to normal. It is used as the control as it is pure and free from chemicals that could affect the Daphnia’s heart rate, thus making the test fairer.…
Daphnia culture, medicine dropper, slides, cover slips, bristles or threads, paper and pencil, paper towels, aquarium water, "recovery" beaker, dropper bottles containing adrenalin in various concentrations, microscope.…
Lichens are a sybiotic association of fungus (mycobiont) and algae (Pediastrum boryanum . The fungus engulfs the algae, then supplies carbs, nitrogen, and vitamins while the algae photosynthesizes. This unusual relationship enables the lichen to grow in environments where neither fungus nor algae would normally be able to solely survive. They are found on every continent, ranging all the way from the freezing Arctic to the sweltering grasslands of Africa. Even though they can live in such extreme conditions, they do require clean air. This is why they are excellent environmental indicator. An indicator species is an organism whose presence or absence reflects the overall health of an environment. Lichens flourish where there is good air quality; however, they cannot survive where the air is polluted and toxins loom. This is because they have no stomata, or pores, to shut to keep the toxins out; therefore, absorbing all of the pollutants in the air. Because they are such unique organisms, they accumulate different metal anions in the air than other organisms, like plants do, for example. Lichens attract toxic metal ions. An ion is a charged atom. If the ion has a positive charge, it is a cation. An ion with a negative charge is an anion. During the ion exchange process, Hydrogen, an anion, is released and metal cations move in. This process occurs when lichens are exposed to polluted air. When the lichens are dropped into any of the metal solutions, their cell wall releases the methylene blue ions, which are replaced by metal cations. Upon their detachment, the ions integrate into the solution, which in turn, colors it blue. The darker the solution, the more metal cations taken in by the lichen. Valence is a measure of how much an atom wants to combine with something else. If the valence of a metal ion affects lichen uptake, then the higher the cation, the…
Daphnia magna is a freshwater ectothermic crustacean commonly referred to as a water flea. Its body is transparent. Because of its…
( -- First discuss our results from the samples: the particular Daphnia specimens that we used.)…
In unit 7.3 the experiment tested the ability of lactase to specifically bind and interact with lactose compared to maltose. In unit 7.4 the experiment tested the role, if any, that metal ions have on the activity of lactase. My hypothesis for unit 7.3 was knowing that lactase is specific for lactose, lactose will separate into galactose and glucose, as maltose will not change (153-155). Lactase should like lactose. For unit 7.4 my hypothesis was that EDTA will remove the ions, and will not work.…
pH (three and five) and a strong acid (twelve) the survival rate of the Daphnia…
In the article “How Boys Become Men”, written by John Katz, he analyzes situations he experienced while growing up. Katz believes that boys become men by not showing fear or feelings and not ratting on others. As in the novel, The Other Wes Moore, both Weses are forced to become men at an early age. They experience events that push them to make decisions that make them grow and think like men do. Katz details the maturation process for boys, as the book, The Other Wes Moore, does with both Weses. They make decisions and take actions to mature and become a men.…
Daphnia Magna have a single compound eye, two branched antennae, and they look almost kidney-shaped. They also have a carapace, which is the upper section of the water flea’s external shell. The water flea has leaf-like limbs, in which they produce a current of water and filter food and oxygen to the mouth and its gills. According to some of my research, talking to my father, the Daphnia has a relatively low percentage of body fat; this may affect them the most when surrounded by alcohol.…