Staphylococcus epidermidis is one of the most prevalent microorganisms found on the human skin and in the mucous membranes‚ however‚ it is a typically overlooked bacterium because there is very little that is known about it. Though it is not as aggressive as its cousin Staphylococcus aureus‚ Staphylococcus epidermidis is the most frequent cause for nosocomial pathogens‚ especially among newborns‚ the elderly‚ and anyone who has a compromised immune system. These infections are usually associated
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Although used by all cells‚ carbohydrates are specifically vital for the ordinary functioning of the valuable anxious system‚ brain and red blood cells. Fibre‚ an indigestible form of carbohydrate discovered in complete grain meals‚ fruits and veggies‚ allows keeping normal bowel motion that reduces risk of constipation‚ haemorrhoids‚ and diverticulosis and colon
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Intro: Carbohydrate‚ any of a large group of compounds in which hydrogen and oxygen‚ in the proportions in which they exist in water‚ are combined with carbon; the formula of most of these compounds may be expressed as Cn(H2O)n. Structurally‚ however‚ these compounds are not hydrates of carbon‚ as the formula would seem to indicate. Carbohydrates‚ as a class‚ are the most abundant organic compounds found in nature. They are produced by green plants and by bacteria using the process known as photosynthesis
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Austin Peay State University Department of Chemistry CHEM 1021 IDENTIFYING CARBOHYDRATES (adapted from Blackburn et al.‚ Laboratory Manual to Accompany World of Chemistry‚ 2nd ed.‚ (1996) Saunders College Publishing: Fort Worth) Purpose: To become familiar with some of the characteristic reaction of carbohydrates. To identify an unknown carbohydrate. Caution: Wear eye protection because of the possible shattering of dropped glassware and because acids are used in this experiment
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Carbohydrates H2SO4 acts as dehydrating agent forming furfural derivatives which interact with alpha-naphthol librating a violet layered compound Test | Molisch test | Objective | A general test for all carbohydrates. Monosaccharides give a rapid positive test. Disaccharides and polysaccharides react slower. | Principle involved | Dehydration of the carbohydrate by concentrated sulfuric acid to produce an aldehyde | Reagent | H2SO4 | Positive results | a purple-black layer/violet ring
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January 1999 B io Factsheet Example glucose fructose galactose Number 39 Carbohydrates: Revision Summary Carbohydrates contain 3 elements: Carbon (C)‚ Hydrogen (H) and Oxygen (O). Thus‚ if we remove water from carbohydrates‚ all that remains is carbon. Carbohydrates can be divided into 3 categories; monosaccharides‚ disaccharides and polysaccharides (Table 1). Table 1. Structure of monosaccharides‚ disaccharides and polysaccharides Category Monosaccharide (made of 1 sugar molecule)
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The structural features of carbohydrates account for the fact that a wide variety of polysaccharides exist is pentoses and hexoses. The examples of pentose are ribose‚ deoxyribose‚ ribulose and xylulose. The examples of hexose are glucose which is found in fruits‚ fructose which is found in milk and galactose which is found in honey. Both pentoses and hexoses are mostly found in monosaccharides. They are the most simplest sugar which cannot be futher hydrolysed into smaller units. They contain
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This project’s purpose is to find the effects of UV light on Staphylococcus epidermidis‚ furthermore recognized as staph infection. Staph infection is an infection usually acquired on the skin that can promote fever‚ nausea‚ pain‚ boils‚ and can lead to MRSA‚ which can lead to death. Because there is no cure for staph infection‚ this experiment called for research on clinical trials. A clinical trial was established that used blue light therapy to delay and kill the growth of staph infection. Coincidentally
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Carbohydrate Fermentation Testing Questions A. What is fermentation? It is a metabolic process that allows the production of ATP without need for oxygen B. Why is it important not to incubate the fermentation tubes beyond 24 hours? You may not get accurate results. Although sugar is the primary nutrient used‚ when a microbe runs out of it‚ protein or other nutrients will be attacked This causes changes in the color of the medium because of the pH indicator added to detect acid production. When proteins
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Undergraduate Questions (50 Pts) 1. (4 pts) A chemist working in a pharmaceutical lab synthesized a new drug as a racemic mixture. Why is it important that she separates the two enantiomers and test each for its biological activity? 2. (6 pts) Phosphoric acid (H3PO4) has three dissociable protons‚ with the pKa’s shown below. Which form of phosphoric acid predominates in a solution at pH 4? Explain your answer. Acid pKa H3PO4 2.14
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