mentions that the most important part of a child’s life is attachment. It all starts when an infant at the end of the first year develops stranger and separation anxiety (Feldman‚ 2007). When children are around their parents and other caregivers‚ they feel safe at all times. When a child is around someone who is a stranger and not their caregiver‚ they’re more likely to experience fear. According to John Bowlby’s view of attachment‚ attachment is needed for children to feel safe and secure around their
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Outline and Evaluate research into Cultural Variation in attachment If attachment is a biological innate process‚ as Bowlby’s theory suggests‚ then secure attachment should be the best form for all humans regardless of variations in culture. However‚ there is much research against this statement‚ making us question whether attachment is or is not a biological innate process at all. Studies such as Ainsworth’s Uganda research support Bowlby’s theory. She observed how infants in Uganda‚ like in
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put forward different explanations of attachment‚ such as learning theory and Bowlby’s theory. Outline and evaluate one or more explanations of attachment One explanation of attachment is Bowlby’s theory who described attachment as "lasting psychological connectedness between human beings" Bowlby believed that the earliest bonds formed by children with their caregivers have a tremendous impact that continues throughout life. According to Bowlby‚ attachment also serves to keep the infant close
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Bowlby’s (1946) original formulation of attachment theory drew upon both psychoanalytic and ethological theory and generated a significant amount of subsequent research. The core principle behind Bowlby’s theory was that the formation of a stable‚ healthy attachment with a caregiver in the early years of life is the key for an infants’ future emotional‚ social and cognitive development. Bowlby explained that this primary attachment relationship develops because infants need a mechanism to ensure
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Outline the learning theory explanation of attachments. The learning theory proposes that attachment behaviours are learnt through the imitation of the attachment figures meaning they are not innate. One explanation of how this happens is through Classical Conditioning. In the Learning Theory Classical Conditioning is the forming of an attachment through association. The Learning Theory states that when a baby is born they naturally want food. When the mother feeds the baby it automatically associates
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Outline and evaluate learning theory as an explanation of attachment. Classical conditioning - Before attachment is learned‚ the infant gains pleasure through being fed. Food is the unconditioned stimulus and pleasure is the unconditioned response. When the infant is being fed‚ the infant associates the person providing the food with the food. The primary caregiver is the neutral stimulus‚ which becomes associated with food (the unconditioned stimulus). When the attachment has been learned
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learning theory has two main concepts to help explain attachment formation. One concept is operant conditioning which explains attachment formation through a reinforced response. When an infant gets food its discomfort from its hunger will become happiness. The infant will now associate the happiness with food and so the food becomes the primary reinforcer. The person feeding the infant will also become associated with the happiness and becomes the secondary reinforce and an attachment will be formed
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According to Feldman (2008)‚ the emotional bond that develops between a child and a certain individual is referred to as attachment. In nonhumans‚ this process begins in the first days of life with “imprinting‚” which is essentially the infant’s readiness to learn (Lorenz‚ 1957‚ as cited in Feldman‚ 2008‚ p.89). The bond is facilitated by mother-child physical contact during imprinting. A similar phenomenon is observed between human mothers and their newborns‚ which is why mother’s are strongly encouraged
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| Attachment Theory | 7th June 2010 | | By Sandra Thomas | | | Q1. Explain the development of attachment in infants. [Criteria 1.1 & 1.2)(500 words) (You are expected to consider the original explanation given by Bowlby and the alternative explanation by Schaffer and Emerson. I.e. Monotrophy vs. Multiple attachment and the stages as described by Bowlby) 529 words John Bowlby believed that in the early stages of child development the maternal relationship was the basis
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07/09/12 Bowlby’s Evolutionary Theory “Babies’ smiles are powerful things‚ leaving mothers spellbound and enslaved. Who can doubt that the baby who most readily rewards his mother with a smile is the one who is best loved and best cared for?” – Bowlby‚ 1957. John Bowlby was a psychoanalyst (like Freud) and believed that mental health and behavioral problems could be attributed to early childhood. Bowlby’s evolutionary theory of attachment suggests that children come into the world biologically
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